HIV- human immunodeficiency virus.
Target- immune system.-CD4+cell
Family- immunodeficiency
Complications-aids(Acquired immuno deficiency syndromes)
Definition:-
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system. If HIV is not treated, it can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).
There is currently no effective cure. Once people get HIV, they have it for life.
But with proper medical care, HIV can be controlled. People with HIV who get effective HIV treatment can live long, healthy lives and protect their partners.
Types -1:-HIV 1
2:-HIV 2
HIV:-1- aids in us and world wide
HIV:-2-aids in westem , Africa and Southcrn,asia
cause:-
Cases of HIV progress through three stages:
stage 1: acute stage, the first few weeks after transmission
stage 2: clinical latency, or chronic stage
stage 3: AIDS
HIV is transmitted through bodily fluids that include:
*blood
*semen
*vaginal and rectal fluids
*breast milk
HIV transmission: -Know the facts
*Anyone can contract HIV. The
Some of the ways doneHIV is spread from person to person include:
*through vaginal or anal sex — the most common route of transmission, especially among men who have sex with men
*by sharing needles, syringes, and other items for injection drug use
*by sharing tattoo equipment without sterilizing it between uses
*during pregnancy, labor, or delivery from a woman to her baby
*during breastfeeding
*through “pre-mastication,” or chewing a baby’s food before feeding it to them
*through exposure to the blood of someone living with HIV, such as through a needle stick
*The virus can also be transmitted through a blood transfusion or organ and tissue transplant.
:
*oral sex (only if there are bleeding gums or open sores in the person’s mouth)
*being bitten by a person with HIV (only if the saliva is bloody or there are open sores in the person’s mouth)
*contact between broken skin, wounds, or mucous membranes and the blood of someone living with HIV
-HIV does NOT spread through:
skin-to-skin contact
hugging, shaking hands, or kissing
air or water
sharing food or drinks, including drinking fountains
saliva, tears, or sweat (unless mixed with the blood of a person with HIV)
sharing a toilet, towels, or bedding
mosquitoes or other insects
Symptoms:-
Early symptoms of HIV can include:
fever
chills
swollen lymph nodes
general aches and pains
skin rash
sore throat
headache
nausea
upset stomach
HIV pretest post test counseling for pagnency women:-
-cos has out lined through recommendedection for HIV counselling to resting for pregnant women.
-all pregnant women should be tested for HIV as early.
-as a possible during pregnancy and screening should be included and in routine plan of prenatal screening test.
-patient should be informed that HIV screening.
-recommended for all pregnant women 2 that it will be performed undess they dislike.
-assess to clinical care prevention counseling and support survive in essential for women with +ve HIV test
– repeated HIV testing in the 3rd times in also recommend for all women in areas with higher ratel.
